From Honkers to Hackers: The Rise of China’s Cyber Spies
In the late ’90s and early 2000s, China’s patriotic “Honkers” began as a group of enthusiastic hackers determined to defend their nation’s honor online. Over time, they evolved from mischievous cyber attackers into elite cyber spies, forming the backbone of China’s state espionage apparatus.

Hot Take:
Who would have thought that a bunch of rebellious tech-savvy teenagers with a penchant for digital graffiti would end up being China’s James Bonds of the cyber world? What started as a patriotic hobby for these “Honkers” turned into a full-fledged career in state-sponsored cyber espionage. It’s like The Breakfast Club meets Mission Impossible, with a dash of The Matrix!
Key Points:
- Honkers, a group of Chinese hacker enthusiasts, began as patriotic cyber pranksters in the late ’90s.
- These amateur hackers evolved into elite cyber spies for China, forming the backbone of its state espionage apparatus.
- Leading figures like Tan Dailin transitioned from self-directed cyber hooliganism to state-sponsored hacking, targeting US systems.
- The Honkers’ activities aligned with Chinese state interests, eventually leading to their recruitment by the PLA and MSS.
- Many Honkers founded or joined cybersecurity firms, contributing tools and exploits used in international cyber espionage.
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